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was a corporation established in 1999 that developed, designed, manufactured and sold dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) products. It was also a semiconductor foundry. With headquarters in Yaesu, Chūō, Tokyo, Japan, it was formed under the name NEC Hitachi Memory in 1999 by the merger of the Hitachi, Ltd. and NEC DRAM businesses. In the following year it took its present name, and in 2003 took on the Mitsubishi DRAM business. In 2004, it listed its shares in the first section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange. In 2012, those shares were delisted as a result of its bankruptcy. In 2013, it was acquired by Micron Technology. ==History== Elpida Memory was founded in 1999 and began development operations for DRAM products in 2000. In 2001, the company began construction of its 300mm wafer fabrication plant. Later that year, it began sales operations in domestic markets. In 2003, the company took over Mitsubishi Electric Corporation's DRAM operations and employed Mitsubishi development engineers. In 2004, Elpida Memory went public and was listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. In 2006, the company established Akita Elpida to take on the development of advanced back-end technology processes. In March 2006, Elpida reported consolidated sales of 241,500,000,000 Japanese yen. It employed 3196 people. In 2002, armed with the Sherman Antitrust Act, the United States Department of Justice began a probe into the activities of dynamic random access memory (DRAM) manufacturers. US computer makers, including Dell and Gateway, claimed that inflated DRAM pricing was causing lost profits and hindering their effectiveness in the marketplace. To date, five manufacturers have pleaded guilty to their involvement in an international price-fixing conspiracy including Hynix, Infineon, Micron Technology, Samsung, and Elpida. Micron Technology was not fined for its involvement due to co-operation with investigators. The company got 140 billion yen in financial aid and loans from the Japanese government and banks during the financial crisis in 2009.〔 On April 3, 2010, Elpida Memory sold ¥18.5billion worth of shares to Kingston Technology 〔(Elpida to raise Y18.5 billion via share sale to U.S. partner )〕 On April 22, 2010, Elpida announced it had developed the world's first four-gigabit DDR3 SDRAM. Based on a 40 nm process, this DRAM was said to use about thirty percent less power compared to two 40 nm process two-gigabit DDR3 SDRAMs. It was to operate at both standard DDR3 1.5 V and 1.35 V to further reduce power consumption. In July 2011, Elpida announced that it planned to raise $987 million by selling shares and bonds. In August 2011, Elpida claimed to be the first memory maker to begin sampling 25 nm DRAMs.〔EE Times. "(Elpida says its sampling first 25-nm DRAMs )." August 4, 2011. Retrieved August 5, 2011.〕 On February 27, 2012, Elpida filed for bankruptcy.〔(Elpida press release ), dated 27 February 2012. Retrieved 28 February 2012.〕 With liabilities of 448 billion yen (US$5.5 billion), the company's bankruptcy was Japan's largest since Japan Airlines bankrupted in January 2010.〔 The company suffered from both strong yen and a sharp drop of DRAM prices as a result of stagnant demand of personal computers and disruption of computer production caused by flooding in Thailand.〔 DRAM prices plunged to a record low in 2011 as the price of the benchmark DDR3 2-gigabit DRAM declined 85%.〔 Elpida was the third largest DRAM maker, held 18 percent of the market by revenue in 2011. On March 28, 2012, Elpida was delisted from the Tokyo Stock Exchange. Elpida appears to be providing SDRAM components for the A6 processor in the Apple iPhone 5, though it is unclear whether they are the exclusive supplier.〔iFixit. "()."September 21st, 2012. Retrieved September 21st, 2012〕 The company was in the process of being acquired by Micron Technology after a Tokyo court and Elpida creditors approved the acquisition in February 2013.〔Sacramento Bee. "(). "February 28th, 2013. Retrieved April 16, 2013〕 The company became a fully owned subsidiary of Micron Technology on July 31, 2013.〔Elpida Press Release. "(). "July 31, 2013. Retrieved October 22, 2013〕 Effective February 28, 2014, Elpida changed its name to Micron Memory Japan and Elpida Akita changed its name to Micron Akita, Inc.〔Elpida acquisition FAQs "()" Retrieved November 07, 2014〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Elpida Memory」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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